RedHat EX316 Actual Free Exam Questions & Community Discussion
How do you set up health checks for a VM service exposed via Route?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Add readinessProbe and livenessProbe to the VM (via custom sidecar or script).
2. Expose the endpoint on port 8080 or similar.
3. Create a service and Route to this port.
4. Monitor status from the Route interface.
5. Helps in load balancing and availability checks.
Explanation:
1. Add readinessProbe and livenessProbe to the VM (via custom sidecar or script).
2. Expose the endpoint on port 8080 or similar.
3. Create a service and Route to this port.
4. Monitor status from the Route interface.
5. Helps in load balancing and availability checks.
How do you verify the performance of a VM disk (I/O benchmarking)?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Access the VM console: virtctl console <vm>
2. Run:
yum install -y fio
fio --name=test --size=1G --rw=randread --bs=4k --iodepth=64 --numjobs=4 --runtime=60
3. Evaluate read/write throughput and IOPS.
4. Test multiple storage classes if needed.
5. Tune disk type for better performance.
Explanation:
1. Access the VM console: virtctl console <vm>
2. Run:
yum install -y fio
fio --name=test --size=1G --rw=randread --bs=4k --iodepth=64 --numjobs=4 --runtime=60
3. Evaluate read/write throughput and IOPS.
4. Test multiple storage classes if needed.
5. Tune disk type for better performance.
How do you connect a virtual machine to an iSCSI external storage volume using Multus?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Create a Multus NAD that connects to storage VLAN/network.
2. Attach this to the VM's spec as a second interface.
3. Inside VM:
o Install iSCSI initiator: yum install iscsi-initiator-utils
o Discover target: iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p <target-ip>
o Login: iscsiadm -m node -T <target-name> -p <target-ip> --login
4. Confirm disk with lsblk.
Explanation:
1. Create a Multus NAD that connects to storage VLAN/network.
2. Attach this to the VM's spec as a second interface.
3. Inside VM:
o Install iSCSI initiator: yum install iscsi-initiator-utils
o Discover target: iscsiadm -m discovery -t sendtargets -p <target-ip>
o Login: iscsiadm -m node -T <target-name> -p <target-ip> --login
4. Confirm disk with lsblk.
How do you check which nodes are running Virtual Machine Instances (VMIs)?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Run:
oc get vmi -A -o wide
2. Check the NODE column for each VMI.
3. Identify which nodes host running VMs.
4. Use this information before starting maintenance.
5. Migrate or shut down VMs accordingly.
Explanation:
1. Run:
oc get vmi -A -o wide
2. Check the NODE column for each VMI.
3. Identify which nodes host running VMs.
4. Use this information before starting maintenance.
5. Migrate or shut down VMs accordingly.
How do you check the CDI cloning mechanism is functioning properly?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Run:
oc get dv -w
2. Confirm phase transitions: Pending ImportScheduled Succeeded
3. Check CDI pods:
oc get pods -l app=containerized-data-importer
4. Inspect logs:
oc logs <importer-pod-name>
5. Validate cloneType is used when referencing PVCs.
Explanation:
1. Run:
oc get dv -w
2. Confirm phase transitions: Pending ImportScheduled Succeeded
3. Check CDI pods:
oc get pods -l app=containerized-data-importer
4. Inspect logs:
oc logs <importer-pod-name>
5. Validate cloneType is used when referencing PVCs.
How do you create a PersistentVolumeClaim (PVC) for a virtual machine root disk?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Define the PVC YAML:
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: vm-root-disk
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage:
10Gi
storageClassName: standard
2. Apply with: oc apply -f pvc.yaml
3. Verify with: oc get pvc vm-root-disk
4. Use this PVC in your VM definition.
Explanation:
1. Define the PVC YAML:
apiVersion: v1
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
metadata:
name: vm-root-disk
spec:
accessModes:
- ReadWriteOnce
resources:
requests:
storage:
10Gi
storageClassName: standard
2. Apply with: oc apply -f pvc.yaml
3. Verify with: oc get pvc vm-root-disk
4. Use this PVC in your VM definition.
How do you validate that a cloud-init script executed correctly inside a VM?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Start the VM: virtctl start <vm-name>
2. Access VM via console: virtctl console <vm-name>
3. Check: /var/log/cloud-init.log and /var/log/cloud-init-output.log
4. Confirm commands ran and files were created.
5. Validate provisioning results.
Explanation:
1. Start the VM: virtctl start <vm-name>
2. Access VM via console: virtctl console <vm-name>
3. Check: /var/log/cloud-init.log and /var/log/cloud-init-output.log
4. Confirm commands ran and files were created.
5. Validate provisioning results.
How do you attach a VM to the Multus network defined above?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. In the VM spec, add:
networks:
- name:
extnet
multus:
networkName: ext-bridge-net
interfaces:
- name: extnet
bridge: {}
2. Apply VM YAML or update via Web UI.
3. Start the VM.
4. Use virtctl console <vm>
5. Confirm second NIC has DHCP IP from external network.
Explanation:
1. In the VM spec, add:
networks:
- name:
extnet
multus:
networkName: ext-bridge-net
interfaces:
- name: extnet
bridge: {}
2. Apply VM YAML or update via Web UI.
3. Start the VM.
4. Use virtctl console <vm>
5. Confirm second NIC has DHCP IP from external network.
How do you back up a VM with volume snapshots using CSI?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. Ensure CSI driver supports snapshotting.
2. Enable CSI plugin in DPA config.
3. Run:
velero backup create vm-snap --include-namespaces <vm-namespace> --snapshot-volumes
4. Confirm snapshot creation via oc get volumesnapshots
5. Used for faster and consistent backups.
Explanation:
1. Ensure CSI driver supports snapshotting.
2. Enable CSI plugin in DPA config.
3. Run:
velero backup create vm-snap --include-namespaces <vm-namespace> --snapshot-volumes
4. Confirm snapshot creation via oc get volumesnapshots
5. Used for faster and consistent backups.
How do you view VM migration history for audit purposes?
Correct Answer:
See the Explanation.
Explanation:
1. List past migration
objects: oc get vmim --all-
namespaces
2. Describe each:
oc describe vmim <name>
3. View status.phase, source and target nodes.
4. Use oc get events for time-specific logs.
5. Useful for debugging or reporting.
Explanation:
1. List past migration
objects: oc get vmim --all-
namespaces
2. Describe each:
oc describe vmim <name>
3. View status.phase, source and target nodes.
4. Use oc get events for time-specific logs.
5. Useful for debugging or reporting.
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